What is Acoustic Neuroma?
Acoustic Neuroma, also known as vestibular schwannoma, is a non-cancerous tumor that develops on the vestibular nerve, which connects the inner ear to the brain. This nerve is crucial for balance and hearing.
The tumor usually grows slowly and originates from Schwann cells, which are responsible for the nerve's protective lining. While generally benign, it can cause complications due to its location near critical structures in the brain.
Side Effects of Acoustic Neuroma
The symptoms of acoustic neuroma can vary depending on its size and location. Common signs include:
- Hearing Loss: Gradual hearing loss, usually affecting one ear initially, and often noticed as difficulty hearing high-pitched sounds.
- Tinnitus: Ringing, buzzing, or hissing sounds in the affected ear.
- Balance Issues: Vertigo or unsteadiness, especially when changing head positions.
- Facial Numbness or Weakness: Pressure on the facial nerve can lead to sensations of numbness or weakness on one side of the face.
- Headaches: Persistent headaches, particularly if the tumor grows large enough to exert pressure on the surrounding structures.
How is Acoustic Neuroma Diagnosed?
Diagnosing acoustic neuroma typically involves a combination of the following tests and procedures:
- Hearing Tests (Audiometry): To assess hearing loss and determine its extent.
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): This imaging technique helps visualize the tumor's size, location, and its relationship with surrounding structures in the brain.
- CT Scan (Computed Tomography): Sometimes used to provide additional details about the tumor and its impact.
Potential Treatment of Acoustic Neuroma
The treatment approach for acoustic neuroma depends on various factors including the tumor's size, growth rate, patient's age, overall health, and individual preferences. Treatment options may include:
- Observation (Watchful Waiting): For small tumors that are not causing significant symptoms, regular monitoring with MRI scans may be recommended.
- Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor may be necessary if it is large, growing rapidly, or causing severe symptoms. The goal is to preserve hearing and facial nerve function while removing as much of the tumor as possible.
- Radiation Therapy: Techniques such as stereotactic radiosurgery (e.g., Gamma Knife) may be used to target the tumor with high-dose radiation, aiming to stop its growth or shrink it over time.
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