Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Understanding Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. In CML, the bone marrow produces too many abnormal white blood cells, known as granulocytes.

These abnormal cells do not function properly and can accumulate in the blood, leading to various health complications.

Side Effects of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

The symptoms of CML can vary from person to person, but common signs include fatigue, weakness, weight loss, fever, and night sweats. Some individuals may also experience abdominal discomfort due to an enlarged spleen,

which is a common complication of CML. Additionally, CML can lead to an increased risk of bleeding and bruising due to low platelet counts.

Diagnosis of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Diagnosing CML typically involves a series of tests, including blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, and imaging scans. Blood tests can detect abnormal levels of white blood cells, while a bone marrow biopsy can confirm the presence of leukemia cells in the bone marrow. Imaging scans, such as ultrasound or CT scans, may be used to assess the size of the spleen and detect any other abnormalities.

Potential Treatments of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

The treatment approach for CML often depends on the phase of the disease and the individual's overall health. Some common treatments include:

• Targeted Therapy: Targeted drugs, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), are often the first-line treatment for CML. These medications work by blocking the activity of abnormal proteins that promote the growth of leukemia cells.

• Chemotherapy: In some cases, chemotherapy may be used to destroy leukemia cells and control the progression of the disease. However, chemotherapy is less commonly used as a primary treatment for CML due to the effectiveness of targeted therapy.

• Stem Cell Transplant: For individuals with advanced or resistant CML, a stem cell transplant may be considered. This procedure involves replacing diseased bone marrow with healthy stem cells from a donor.

• Clinical Trials: Participation in clinical trials may offer access to experimental treatments that are not yet widely available. Clinical trials help researchers evaluate new drugs and treatment approaches for CML.

• Supportive Care: Alongside medical treatments, supportive care measures such as blood transfusions, antibiotics, and pain management may be necessary to manage symptoms and improve quality of life.

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