Hepatoblastoma

What is Hepatoblastoma?

Hepatoblastoma is a rare type of liver cancer that primarily affects young children, typically under the age of 5. It develops in the cells of the liver and can grow rapidly if not detected and treated early.

Although the exact cause is often unknown, some cases are associated with genetic conditions or birth defects affecting the liver.

Side Effects of Hepatoblastoma

The symptoms and side effects of hepatoblastoma can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor.

Common signs include abdominal pain or swelling, weight loss, loss of appetite, nausea, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes). As the tumor grows, it can also put pressure on nearby organs and cause additional complications.

How is Hepatoblastoma Diagnosed?

Diagnosing hepatoblastoma typically involves a series of tests and procedures to confirm the presence of a tumor and determine its extent. These may include:

• Imaging Tests: Such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI to visualize the liver and detect any abnormalities.
• Biopsy: A sample of liver tissue is taken and examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancerous cells.
• Blood Tests: To assess liver function and detect any markers that may indicate cancer.

Potential Treatment of Hepatoblastoma

Treatment for hepatoblastoma depends on several factors including the child's age, the size and location of the tumor, and whether the cancer has spread beyond the liver. Common treatment options may include:

• Surgery: The primary treatment for hepatoblastoma is surgical removal of the tumor whenever possible. Surgeons aim to remove the tumor completely while preserving as much healthy liver tissue as possible.
• Chemotherapy: This is often used before surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) to shrink the tumor and make it easier to remove. It may also be used after surgery (adjuvant chemotherapy) to kill any remaining cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence.
• Liver Transplant: In cases where the tumor cannot be completely removed with surgery, or if the cancer has spread extensively within the liver, a liver transplant may be considered.
• Radiation Therapy: Sometimes used in conjunction with surgery and chemotherapy to target cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence.
  

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