What is Herpes Simplex Keratitis?
Herpes Simplex Keratitis (HSK) is a viral infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV) affecting the cornea, the transparent dome-shaped surface that covers the front of the eye.
HSV is a common virus that can cause cold sores on the lips or genital herpes. When it affects the eye, particularly the cornea, it can lead to Herpes Simplex Keratitis.
Side Effects of Herpes Simplex Keratitis
The symptoms of Herpes Simplex Keratitis can vary depending on the severity of the infection. They may include:
- Eye pain and irritation: The affected eye may feel painful, gritty, or have a sensation of something in it.
- Redness: The eye may appear red or bloodshot.
- Sensitivity to light (photophobia): Bright lights may cause discomfort or pain.
- Blurred vision: Vision may become blurry, especially in one eye.
- Watery discharge: The eye may produce excessive tears or discharge.
- Feeling of something in the eye: Patients may feel as though there is something in their eye, such as a foreign body.
In severe cases or if left untreated, Herpes Simplex Keratitis can lead to corneal scarring, vision loss, or even blindness in the affected eye.
How is Herpes Simplex Keratitis Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of Herpes Simplex Keratitis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist. The doctor may perform the following tests:
- Slit-lamp examination: A specialized microscope called a slit lamp allows the doctor to examine the cornea and other structures of the eye in detail.
- Fluorescein staining: This involves placing a special dye called fluorescein on the eye's surface to highlight any damage or lesions on the cornea.
- Visual acuity test: This test measures how well you can see at various distances.
Additionally, the doctor may collect a sample of cells from the surface of the eye for laboratory testing to confirm the presence of HSV.
Potential Treatment of Herpes Simplex Keratitis
Treatment of Herpes Simplex Keratitis aims to reduce the severity of symptoms, prevent recurrence, and preserve vision. The approach to treatment may include:
- Antiviral medications: Topical antiviral eye drops or ointments such as acyclovir, ganciclovir, or trifluridine are commonly prescribed to reduce viral replication and control the infection.
- Corticosteroid eye drop: In some cases, corticosteroid eye drops may be used to reduce inflammation and promote healing, but these are used cautiously under close supervision due to the risk of exacerbating the infection.
- Oral antiviral medications: In severe or recurrent cases, oral antiviral medications may be prescribed to control the infection systemically.
- Pain relief medications: Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers may be recommended to manage eye discomfort.
- Cold compresses: Applying cool, moist compresses to the affected eye can help reduce inflammation and provide relief.
👉 Contact us for further information and receive a complimentary consultation.
