Uterine Cancer

What is Uterine Cancer?

Uterine cancer, also known as endometrial cancer, develops in the lining of the uterus (endometrium). It is one of the most common forms of gynecological cancer among women.

The exact cause of uterine cancer is not always clear, but factors such as hormonal imbalance, obesity, and genetic predisposition can contribute to its development.

Side Effects of Uterine Cancer

The symptoms of uterine cancer can vary but may include abnormal vaginal bleeding (especially after menopause), pelvic pain or pressure, and unusual discharge.

As the cancer progresses, patients may experience fatigue, unintended weight loss, and changes in bowel or bladder habits. These symptoms warrant prompt medical attention for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.

How is Uterine Cancer Diagnosed?

Diagnosing uterine cancer typically involves several steps. Initially, a thorough medical history and physical examination are conducted.

This is often followed by imaging tests such as transvaginal ultrasound and MRI to visualize the uterus and detect any abnormalities.

A biopsy, where a small tissue sample is taken from the uterine lining, is then performed to confirm the presence of cancer cells and determine the specific type and grade of the cancer.

Potential Treatment of Uterine Cancer

Treatment for uterine cancer depends on various factors including the stage and type of cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health and preferences. Common approaches to treatment may include:

• Surgery: The primary treatment for early-stage uterine cancer involves surgically removing the uterus (hysterectomy) along with the fallopian tubes and ovaries (salpingo-oophorectomy). In some cases, nearby lymph nodes may also be removed to check for the spread of cancer.
• Radiation Therapy: This treatment uses high-energy X-rays or other forms of radiation to destroy cancer cells or shrink tumors. It may be used before surgery (to shrink the tumor), after surgery (to kill remaining cancer cells), or as the primary treatment for advanced uterine cancer.
  
• Chemotherapy: This involves using drugs to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing. Chemotherapy is typically used in cases where the cancer has spread beyond the uterus or if there is a high risk of recurrence after surgery.
  
• Hormone Therapy: Some types of uterine cancer are sensitive to hormones such as estrogen. Hormone therapy may involve medications that block the effects of estrogen or lower its levels in the body, which can help slow the growth of cancer cells.
  
• Targeted Therapy: This newer approach uses drugs that specifically target certain molecules involved in cancer growth. Targeted therapy may be used in combination with other treatments or when other treatments have not been effective.
  

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