Understanding Atrioventricular Canal Defect (AV Canal Defect)
Atrioventricular Canal Defect (AV Canal Defect) is a congenital heart condition characterized by abnormal development of the septum between the heart's chambers and malformation of the valves that regulate blood flow between the atria and ventricles.
This defect results in abnormal blood flow patterns within the heart, affecting oxygenation and circulation throughout the body.
Side Effects of Atrioventricular Canal Defect
Patients with Atrioventricular Canal Defect may experience a range of symptoms depending on the severity of the defect. Common side effects include:
- Heart Murmurs: Abnormal heart sounds due to turbulent blood flow.
- Shortness of Breath: Difficulty breathing, especially during physical activity.
- Fatigue: Tiring easily due to inadequate oxygen supply.
- Poor Growth: Difficulty gaining weight or growing at a normal rate in infants and children.
- Cyanosis: Bluish tint to the skin, lips, and nail beds due to low oxygen levels in the blood (in severe cases).
Diagnosis of Atrioventricular Canal Defect
Diagnosing Atrioventricular Canal Defect typically involves a combination of clinical evaluation and diagnostic tests:
- Physical Examination: Listening for heart murmurs and assessing symptoms.
- Echocardiogram (Echo): Ultrasound imaging to visualize the heart's structure and blood flow.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG): Records electrical activity of the heart, helping to assess its function.
- Cardiac Catheterization: Invasive procedure to measure pressures within the heart and blood vessels, and sometimes to repair defects.
Potential Treatments for Atrioventricular Canal Defect
The treatment approach for AV Canal Defect depends on the severity and specific anatomical features of the defect:
- Surgical Repair: Most patients require surgical intervention to correct the defect. This may involve patching the atrial and ventricular septal defects, reconstructing the atrioventricular valves, and restoring normal blood flow patterns.
- Medication: In some cases, medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms or improve heart function preoperatively or postoperatively.
- Monitoring and Follow-Up: Regular follow-up visits with a cardiologist are crucial to monitor heart function, growth, and overall health.
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