What is Ocular (Eye) Cancer?
Ocular cancer, also known as eye cancer, refers to the development of abnormal cells in the eye. These abnormal cells can originate in different parts of the eye, including the eyelid, retina, orbit (eye socket), or other structures.
The most common type of ocular cancer in adults is melanoma, which typically affects the uvea (the middle layer of the eye).
Side Effects of Ocular (Eye) Cancer
The side effects of ocular cancer can vary depending on the type and location of the tumor. Common symptoms may include:
- Changes in vision: Blurred vision, loss of peripheral vision, or seeing flashes of light.
- Eye pain or discomfort: Often localized around the affected eye.
- Changes in the appearance of the eye: Such as a noticeable lump or growth on the eyelid or a visible change in the eye's color.
- Reduced eye movement: Difficulty moving the eye or discomfort when trying to do so.
- Other symptoms: Depending on the specific location and size of the tumor, additional symptoms such as headaches or pressure around the eye may occur.
How is Ocular (Eye) Cancer Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of ocular cancer typically involves several steps:
- Clinical Examination: A detailed examination of the eye by an ophthalmologist to assess any visible abnormalities or changes.
- Imaging Tests: These may include ultrasound, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), or CT (Computed Tomography) scans to visualize the tumor and determine its size and location.
- Biopsy: A small sample of tissue may be taken from the suspicious area for laboratory analysis to confirm the presence of cancerous cells and determine the type of cancer.
Potential Treatment of Ocular (Eye) Cancer
The treatment approach for ocular cancer depends on various factors, including the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options may include:
- Surgery: Surgical removal of the tumor is often the primary treatment for localized ocular cancers.
- Radiation Therapy: This can be used to destroy cancer cells or shrink tumors, particularly when surgery is not feasible or to reduce the risk of recurrence.
- Chemotherapy: In some cases, chemotherapy drugs may be administered either orally or intravenously to target cancer cells.
- Targeted Therapy: Drugs that specifically target certain molecules involved in cancer growth may be used, depending on the type of ocular cancer.
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